PEDOPHILIES AND CHILD MOLESTERS

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PEDOPHILIES AND CHILD MOLESTERS: THE SLAUGHTER OF INNOCENCE

By Mark Gado

Polly

She was anyone’s little girl. She could have been yours, or mine. She had long, dark hair, which cascaded down the sides of her head and her friendly face would one day become a familiar sight to millions of Americans. Her name was Polly Klaas, a quiet, unassuming 12-year old who lived a comfortable life in Petaluma, California. Like everyone, Polly had her own dreams and plans for the future. On a peaceful night, on October 1, 1993, she was in her own bedroom. She invited two friends over for their very first slumber party and all three girls were immersed in the joy and freedom of being away from their parents for a few hours. Until that awful moment when evil made its way into Polly’s life. At about 10 that evening, an intruder, high on booze and armed with a knife, crawled through an open bedroom window and within minutes, two of the girls were tied up and left writhing in terror on the bedroom floor. Polly was abducted and carried off into the night, the victim of a cowardly killer whose own life was a twisted maze of hate and violence.

The body of little Polly Klass was found two months later on December 4, 1993. Her confessed killer, Richard Allen Davis, provided information that eventually led police to her body. She had been brutally raped and strangled. One lifetime may not be enough to recover from the horror her parents endured during this ordeal (1). On August 5, 1996, a San Jose jury sentenced a smirking and unrepentant Davis to death. His rap sheet was a pathetic litany of major and minor offenses that include robbery, burglary, assault, rape and kidnapping that stretched back 26 years(2). But Davis was not a pedophile. Although he had never been arrested for child molestation, he can be characterized as a situational child molester.

It is important to understand the differences between pedophiles and molesters. Pedophilia, which is a psychological disorder, is a distinct sexual preference for pre-pubescent children. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 111-R), which is published by the American Psychological Association, supplies this definition of pedophilia: “recurrent, intense, sexual urges and sexual arousing fantasies of at least six months duration involving sexual activity with a pre-pubescent child” (DSM, V.3, 1987). Generally, this means the target of the fantasy will typically be less than 12 years old. Notice the definition does not require the person to actually engage in a sexual act. Pedophilia is a psychological disorder that does not require, and usually does not involve, a criminal act. The pedophile might keep his desires a secret. He may never go public or share his fantasies with anyone. At times, they will even marry a single mother to gain or continue access to her children. Pedophiles can be very determined and single-minded in their efforts to stay close to children. Maintaining access to children at all costs is one of the defining trademarks of pedophilia, which will be discussed later. Child molesters, however, can have many different motivations for their crimes. And those motives, surprisingly, are often not of a sexual origin.

(1) Polly’s parents later established the Polly Klaas Foundation, an organization that provides information and support in cases of child abduction.

(2) To see Richard Davis’ complete rap sheet, see The San Francisco Chronicle which published it on August 6, 1996

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Child Molestation

A child molester is described as an older person, male or female, which experiences any type of sexual act with another person who is a child. The majority of child molesters, more than 95 percent, are male

America’s most famous female child molester, Mary Kay Letourneau, is currently serving a seven-and-a-half year sentence in a Washington state prison for her sexual involvement with a 13-year-old boy(3). The relationship began when the victim was a student in her sixth-grade class. Letourneau has given birth to two daughters fathered by the youth. One was born in prison. But Letourneau’s case is rare. It does not seem to be part of the psychological composite of females to sexually molest a child. That compulsion, whatever its origin, seems to lie deep within the male psyche.

Molesters engage in sex with children for a variety of reasons and sometimes these reasons have little to do with sexual desires. This type of offender, called a situational child molester, does not possess a genuine sexual preference for children. Rather, the motivational factors are criminal in nature. In some cases, the offender’s sexual abuse of young people is a natural outgrowth of other forms of abuse in his life. That abuse is a continuation of a process by which he has mistreated his friends, colleagues, spouse and family members. He will have low self-esteem, maintain poor moral standards and view sex with children as an opportunity to prolong the violence that is already an active component of his existence. Other situational offenders see children as a substitute for an adult partner. Although these types of offenders do not harbor a singular sexual desire for children, they may react to a built up sexual impulse or anger, that to them, is irresistible. However, the victim is incidental. It could have been a store clerk, an elderly person or simply a woman walking down a lonely street. Because of the circumstances at hand, such as the Polly Klass incident, the victim happened to be a child. His main criteria for a victim is availability. The situational child molester will usually have few victims, sometimes only one, and never repeat the event again. He could be a social misfit or a psychopathic personality who harbors a seething resentment and hostility toward society in general.

The second classification of sexual offender is defined as a preferential child molester. These offenders have a sexual preference for children and usually maintain these desires throughout their lives. Preferential child molesters can have an astounding number of victims and these crimes can remain undiscovered for many years. In 1995, a child molestation case in Texas caused a national uproar when the suspect was due to be released from prison after serving a six-year sentence for the rape of a 6year-old boy. He told the police that he got away with abusing over 240 children before getting caught for molesting a single child and if released, would do it again(4). One long-term study of hundreds of sex offenders found that the pedophile child molester committed an average of 281 acts with 150 partners. These types of offenders wreak havoc upon society far out of proportion to their numbers.

The preferential child molester exhibits distinct patterns of behavior that are common among his kind. They will seduce children by buying gifts and appealing to their emotional weakness. This requires the offender to develop a friendship with the child or utilize an existing relationship with the victim. In more than 90 percent of the rapes of children less than 12 years old, the offender knew the victim (U.S. Department of Justice). Other offenders will engage in self-exposure or personally harass children. Simply stated, the preferential child molester is a pedophile who has carried his fantasies and desires into reality. A small minority of these types of offenders may be sadistic in nature and inflict pain or torture upon their victims. These individuals, like any other criminal, can be brutal and sadistic. Such an individual was Britain’s most famous and despised child molester, Bill Malcolm.

In 1981, Malcolm was convicted of raping a 3-year-old girl and sent to prison. When he was released in 1984, he returned to rape the same terrified girl who was then 6 years old. Malcolm was angry that she had identified him as the rapist. He later told cops he wanted revenge. He was charged again in 1994 with rape and assault on four children who he allegedly tied to a bed and forced to perform sex acts. A judge later made a favorable ruling in Malcolm’s case and he walked out of the courtroom a free man. But child molesters evoke little sympathy from the general public. On February 18 2000, two men showed up at Malcolm’s doorstep and promptly put a bullet in his head. One person said what a lot of Londoners were feeling: “Whoever did this deserves a medal!” N.Y. Post, February 20, 2000).

(3) Time magazine reported on her sentencing in their issue of February 16, 1998

(4) This defendant’s threats caused a renewed interest in castration as a form of punishment for child molesters. See The Dallas Morning News for a series of articles on the Larry Don McQuade case (1996).

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Pedophiles

It should be said from the very beginning that no one knows how many pedophiles exist in America since the overwhelming majority never fulfill their fantasies, nor do they come to the attention of law enforcement agents. They seem content to fantasize in the safety and comfort of their own homes. The most common type of pedophile personality is the immature model. These people have never been able to maintain a successful interpersonal relationship with others. At some point in their lives, they discover that sexual activities with pre-pubescent children can be achieved and they feel a sense of fulfillment they cannot obtain anywhere else. They are classified as loner deviants and usually will not associate with other deviants. Since they lack social contact with others, they spiral downward into deeper recesses of pedophilia and fantasies(5).

Pedophiles can be found at every social and economic level and can be established members of the community. Sadly, we have all read stories in local newspapers concerning members of clergy, respected businessmen and schoolteachers who were exposed as pedophiles or child molesters. In 1985, a Roman Catholic priest in Louisiana pleaded guilty to 33 charges of sexual abuse against 33 boys. He later admitted that he molested several dozen others. He was released in 1995 and later arrested again for the rape of a 12-year-old -girl. In one of America’s worst cases of clergy who molest parishioners, the Sante Fe diocese in New Mexico settled 165 sexual abuse cases in 1997. More than 20 priests were removed from their positions and civil settlements may exceed $50 million dollars. Incredibly, an archbishop involved in the case said he didn’t know that sexual abuse was a crime(6). But unlike this priest, the majority of pedophiles never cross that line into active child molestation. They mostly will remain quiet, keep to themselves and pursue their sexual interests at home.

Many of these offenders have extensive collections of child pornography or child erotica that feed their fantasy world. These photos and drawings will typically be cutouts from newspapers and magazines that other people would find inoffensive or even innocuous. Pedophiles will frequently videotape children from television shows and commercials. They will also attend sporting events in schools and surreptitiously tape these events. Undoubtedly, the notorious video clip of Jon Benet Ramsey participating at a Colorado beauty pageant has found its way into the video libraries of pedophiles across the country.

These collections of pornography are often considered the pedophile’s most valued possession (Lanning, p. 28). It represents years of work and symbolizes, in tangible form, his inner most sexual fantasies and thoughts. The collection will consist of slides, commercial photos, souvenirs, toys, Polaroids and virtually any other type of material that relates to or displays any minute reference to child sex. Child erotica collections will vary in quality and quantity, often depending upon the economic status of the collector. Police have found that the older the pedophile, the more extensive the collection will be. Since true child pornography requires a clandestine effort to obtain, the majority of these collections will be erotic in nature as opposed to pornographic. And often the focus will be upon one or two aspects of sexuality. Preferential child molesters especially, preserve these types of collections and will do anything to safeguard them. Offenders have been known to make formal requests to the police agencies to return these items after their case has been adjudicated.

The pedophile collector falls into three general categories: closet, isolated and the sharer. The closet collector maintains and views his erotica in secret and does not molest children. This type of collector builds his collection in a clandestine manner and keeps its existence a secret. Sometimes, he will maintain this collection for years without the knowledge of a live-in spouse. The isolated collector is actually engaged in molestation and will display the material to a victim. The sharer-collector trades and displays the material with others and may do so for profit. He also will molest children and keeps company with other pedophiles. Since other criminals, like burglars, muggers, car thieves, rarely collect artifacts relating to their criminality, why do pedophiles collect? The answer to that question lies in the psychological characteristics of his condition. He has a twisted sexual compulsion for children whose origins are separate and apart from criminality. His deviance is defined as criminal only because society has deemed it so. Some pedophiles believe that they have done nothing wrong and are simply more enlightened than the general public. They feel they are part of a special progressive movement and one day society will come to accept, what they see as, their sacred ritual of adult/child sex.

From a practical standpoint, collections serve crucial needs for the pedophile. First, child erotica and pornography are used in his crimes. The pedophile will display this material to a victim to lower his inhibitions and introduce him to the possibilities of sex with an adult. This is a very important step in the seduction process. Secondly, the pedophile will use the material for his own sexual gratification. Often it is used in the arousal phase prior to sexual activity with victims. Still others will use photographs of the abuse to blackmail their victims into further sexual activity. After engaging in sexual acts with an adult, a complex set of emotions engulfs the victim. These emotions include humiliation, attachment to the offender and fear of exposure. The victim becomes extremely fearful that his friends and family will learn of the sexual activity and he will suffer harsh consequences. Pedophiles are familiar with these feelings and will use those emotions against the child. Pornography plays a pivotal role in the child sex offender’s life. But most importantly, it is the tool of his trade used to induct his victims into his sexual fantasies. This is why law enforcement is always on the alert to the onslaught of pornography on the Web.

(5) Authors Best and Luckenbill discuss the characteristics of loners, colleagues and peer deviants in Organizing Deviance (1992).

(6) Reported by CNN January 28, 1997

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The Internet and Pedophilia

Modern technology in the form of the Internet has made interaction between pedophiles easier than in the past. The computer, in fact, has turned out to be the greatest single advancement in the history of pedophilia. In the shadow world of child worship, the Internet is a Godsend. By use of the computer, the offender can quickly organize his material, communicate with others who share his interest and troll the net for potential victims. He seeks validation through communication with others just like him and finds comfort in the anonymous corridors of cyber space. Pedophiles are just a few clicks away from each other, a vast improvement over the past. Before computers, pedophiles relied on newspaper ads, sex clubs and prison contacts for interaction with others like themselves. They had to cruise the streets, visit parks and playgrounds where children play in order to locate victims. Undoubtedly, some still do. But others can now hide behind the anonymous comfort of the Internet shield. The Seattle Times reported that by 1998, more than 1,500 suspected pedophiles in 32 states have been identified through various chat rooms on America’s most popular Internet service (October 26, 1999). The easy access to pornography has many parents scared and apprehensive.

Using one of the Web’s most popular browsers, easily available to everyone, a recent search for the words “boy love” quickly turned up a list of disturbing responses. These are only some of the examples.

Site #1: “encyclopedic collection of boylove articles”
Site #2: “a collection of internet links of special interest to boylovers.”
Site #3: “discussion of boylovers and their organized boylove web sites and networks.”
Site #4: “Our goal is to end the oppression of men and boys who have consensual relations.”
Site #5: “absolutely uncensored sex pics from around the globe, teens sucking dick pics.”
Site #6: “erotic young, young teens naked pics!!!!”
Site #7: “live nude young boys picture gallery!!”
And the list goes on. It is too long to publish here. You may notice that a number of these sites utilize language that tends to justify their interests. They attempt to legitimatize their behavior by claiming that sex between adults and the young is “pure,” “kind,” “gentle” and utilize other descriptive labels that give the impression they are referring to some saintly endeavor other than the sexual exploitation of children. This is a common trait among the preferential child molesters: they spend their lives attempting to justify their behavior in their own eyes. Since their attraction to children is a compulsion that many cannot avoid or deny, they seek methods to reinforce their belief that they do nothing wrong. This is a fairly recent development, especially on the Internet, where groups of pedophiles view themselves as being persecuted by the rest of society. Look at the language used in site # 4: “to end the oppression of men and boys”. It’s almost as if they are talking about a political party rather than the sexual seduction of children.

The Internet also provides a preferential child molester with unique opportunities. For example, he cannot hang around school property very long without arousing suspicion, but he can remain in teen and pre-teen chat rooms indefinitely. Through these electronic arenas, the pedophile has something that before the Internet Age he could only dream about: unlimited and unrestricted access to vulnerable children. Chat rooms makes it much easier and less risky for them to interact with children. But the computer is a double-edged sword. Law enforcement agents have found that many pedophiles are compulsive personalities with predictable behavioral patterns. Some will keep meticulous records of their collections and victims. They often write detailed logs of their experiences and “sexual conquests.” Police are well aware of these habits and in these type of cases will quickly obtain a search warrant to seize any computer owned by a suspected child molester.

Police have also discovered many dues paying organizations that promote and condone pedophilia over the Internet. These groups, like North American Man Boy Association (NAMBLA) and the Rene Guyon Society, are constantly monitored by the police. The brazen attitude of these groups is shocking to most people. For example, the motto of the Rene Guyon Society is “Sex Before Eight or It’s Too Late!” (Vito and Holmes, p. 283). But in our system, 1st Amendment rights protect these organizations to a degree. In recent years, the proliferation of these groups and the avalanche of pornography over the Web have outraged Americans. Today, any man, woman or child with a modem can use the most effective tool for the distribution of pornography the world has ever seen. Remember that a child cannot easily look through sexually graphic magazines in a public store. On the Internet it is a simple activity. And most children already know how. The accessibility of child pornography via the Internet has many parents worried. A Time CNN poll recently asked teenagers: “Do you use the Internet for things like email, chat rooms or visiting Web sites?” Eighty-two percent said yes. Time also asked during the same poll: “Have you ever seen Web sites that are x-rated or have sexual content?” Forty-two percent said yes (Time, May 10, 1999).

In 1998, U.S. Customs officials smashed one of the largest organizations of child pornographers ever uncovered. More than 200 suspects were arrested across the world in a strike named Operation Chesire Cat. The target was an Internet based organization called The Wonderland Club, whose name was derived from Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland, long a symbolic favorite of the pedophilic underworld(7). The club trafficked in some of the most vile child pornography ever seen including the rape of children(8). They also screened live sexual abuse of children to their members. The victims were often members’ relatives. Unfortunately, there is no limit to the depravity of some people. The qualification for entry into this club was said to be the possession of more than 10,000 images of child porn on their computer’s hard drive. The investigation began in 1996 after another pornography ring called The Orchid Club was broken up in San Jose, California. Information gleaned during that case led investigators to England and Western Europe. Undercover agents made repeated attempts to break into the secret society of the Wonderland Club. But club members used secret passwords to meet in private chat rooms that constantly changed to avoid the relentless pursuit of federal agents, obsessed with their capture. But the police, fearful of the molestation of future victims, decided to act. In September 1998, U.S. Custom’s officials coordinated a simultaneous worldwide raid in 14 countries. Evidence gathered during these search warrants indicated membership in the club in 47 additional countries. Shortly after these police raids, four club members, including a retired U.S. Air Force pilot, committed suicide. Exposure can be the pedophile’s worst enemy.

Parents can take some simple steps to protect their child from on-line invasion by these predators. Try to become more aware of what your children are doing online. Do not let small children access the Internet in the privacy of their own room or in a secluded place. Check in once in a while to actually see where they go on the Internet. Parents should tell children not to chat with adult strangers without supervision and should never fill out a personal information profile for anyone. It is best not to open unsolicited email or email from strangers. Often this mail is a cover to sell or provide online pornography. If your child received pornography via the Internet or someone has made inappropriate contact with your child, contact your service provider or notify the local police.

Web sites like www.enough.org and cyberangels.com have joined in the struggle against pedophilia and online pornography. Software companies have devised filtering and blocking programs like CYBERPATROL, NETNANNY and SURFWATCH that you can install on your computer. This software will automatically scan Web sites for objectionable content and prevent access. But the problem is enormous: “This country now has over 20,000 outlets selling prosecutable, hard core pornography which would be found illegal by educated citizens in most American communities. In fact, there are more outlets for hard core pornography in the United States than McDonald restaurants

(7) For an informative article on Charles Dodgson, better known as Lewis Carroll, see "Lewis Carroll Revisited: In a Looking Glass Darkly" , N.Y. Times (August 20, 1998 by Alan Riding.

(8)The Washington Post reported on this story September 3, 1998. Time magazine also reported on this case in their issue of September 14, 1998.

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The Battle Rages On

From a law enforcement perspective, the dramatic increase of child porn on the Internet has not gone unnoticed. There are hundreds of police initiatives already in place to combat this new threat to our children. But the pornographers and child predators are clever and the unique mode of the crime poses special problems for police investigation. These cases are essentially technical in nature and require specially trained investigators. Since Internet child porn and abuse are a recent development, there is a lack of case law on the subject and occasionally, some jurisdictional confusion. But rest assured that most police departments have dedicated their resources in the fight against these determined criminals. Many agencies have established special Internet investigation units, like the Internet Crime Against Children Task Force in New York and the Northeast Regional Child Exploitation Task Force in New Jersey, whose sole purpose is to cruise the Web looking for potential molesters and pornographers. In a case that made national headlines, a top executive of Disney was arrested in Los Angeles in 1999 and charged with crossing state lines for the purpose of engaging in sex with a minor. The suspect met the “13-year-old girl” over the Internet. This “girl” turned out to be an FBI agent who was a member of just such a task force who daily searched the highways of cyberspace for sexual marauders.

Despite the unprecedented success of Operation Chesire Cat, which disrupted the Internet world of organized pedophiles, the abuse of children by way of the computer still continues into the 21st century. Outlaw groups like The Wonderland Club continue to fester in cyberspace and it requires a mammoth effort on the part of law enforcement to bring these criminals to justice. Since 1998 when U.S. Customs and the FBI affected hundreds of arrests across the nation on child sexual exploitation charges, there have been several large-scale police operations against child pornographers and pedophiles. However, there has also been a new public awareness concerning Internet crimes and the watchful eyes of parents and other adults have yielded positive results.

Law enforcement has taken a crash course in computer related offenses and many municipalities have initiated training programs and seminars specifically designed to tackle high tech crimes. Information gathered in major sweeps like Operation Chesire Cat and the FBI’s Innocent Images have also furnished law enforcement with investigative leads, which generated additional crackdowns. The United States led the way in late 2001 when it informed German National Police that a German citizen was exchanging child pornography over the Internet with customers and friends in America. This case resulted in the arrests of eight additional people and provided investigators with critical intelligence about other child porn rings. As we have seen, computer hard drives are a wealth of information to investigators. As these offenders seek to find ways to encrypt, conceal and delete illegal data and photos, computer technicians work relentlessly to research and overcome those obstacles. Successful prosecution in these type of cases are a priority. “It is clear that a new marketplace for child pornography has emerged from the dark corners of cyberspace,” said Attorney General John Ashcroft recently at a press conference. “These offenders have tried to use technology and anonymity of the Internet to trade child pornography, and these individuals must be stopped,” he added.

In March 2002, the FBI announced that it had broken a major child porn ring that flourished on the Internet at Yahoo.com. The case began in Houston in May 2000. More than 89 persons in 20 states were arrested in the initial phase of this investigation called Operation Candyman. The suspects have already admitted to molesting at least 36 children. Some of the people arrested represent a cross-section of American society that is truly frightening. The suspects arrested included Little League coaches, a teacher’s aide, a school bus driver, at least one former police officer, six members of clergy, a child photographer and two Catholic priests. They ranged in age from 17 to 70. Hundreds of searches were conducted and dozens of computers were seized.

Operation Candyman was named after an Internet group under the same name that provided a location where members could upload and download child porn images. According to the FBI, the group claimed more than 7,000 members, the majority in the United States. Yahoo is aware that some of its customers form outlaw groups using their service but are unable to completely stop the practice because of technological limitations. Yahoo always cooperates fully with FBI requests for subscriber information on pedophile groups. FBI director Robert Mueller recently said to the L.A. Times: “We will diligently shut down any and all Web sites, e-groups, bulletin boards and any other mediums that will foster the continued exploitation of our children.”

CANDYMAN described itself online as the place “for people who love kids. You can post any type of messages you like, too, or any type of pics and vids you like too.” The images on the site were child porn of the worst kind. Images seized from the confiscated hardware will be dramatic evidence against those arrested. Log-in times, phone records, Internet service provider records, credit card transactions and more add to the mountains of documents that are often necessary to prosecute these cases. Where those records will ultimately take FBI and Houston investigators is anyone’s guess. Police told that city’s reporters they were hoping for “several hundred arrests.” Like the Wonderland Club case, the repercussions of Operation Candyman in 2002 will extend far into the future. Investigative leads and hard data gathered during the prosecution of these defendants will keep cyberspace detectives busy for years.

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The Media and Pedophilia

In 1996, the Child Pornography Prevention Act expanded federal powers over the distribution and possession of child porn. It requires a five-year prison sentence and up to 30 years for the production of computer generated child pornography or any visual simulation of a minor engaged in sexual activity. “Visual simulation” was added to this law because of a recent technique called “morphing”. You’ve probably seen this process before in commercials and music videos(9). Morphing can display a face on any body, which can behave in any conceivable fashion; an ability that offers limitless possibilities to the twisted minds of pedophilic outlaws. Some pornographers have morphed faces onto different bodies and produced computer-generated porn that contains no human subjects(10).

In spite of legislation and many other state laws prohibiting the possession and use of child porn, some critics charge that society actually tolerates pedophilia. Beauty pageants for children have come under greater scrutiny only since the Ramsey murder case appeared in 1997. These so-called “beauty shows” seem to exploit the bodies of children, showcasing kids as young as 6 with elaborate hair, lipstick, false eyelashes and satin high heel shoes. They are extensively coached, trained in adult posture and taught how to parade down a runway for maximum effect. A show, which many say, contains strong sexual connotations that do not belong in children’s events. Ironically, these pageants could not exist without the cooperation and financial support of adults including the parents of the children involved(11).

Hollywood has also come under attack for its periodic displays of the child as a sex object. Director Stanley Kubrick’s Lolita (1962), originally made as a dark comedy, featured an adult’s obsession with his girlfriend’s teen-aged daughter. Of course, author Vladimir Nabakov’s Lolita has been the unintended recipient of the pedophile’s attention for many years, although the novel was never written for that purpose(12). Nevertheless, the book received widespread attention. “By the time Americans read the teasing tale of Nabakov’s preadolescent Lolita in 1958 and watched it on the screen, the sexual possibilities of young girls found fertile soil amid the many baby dolls of the American imagination” writes author Paula Fass in Kidnapped: Child Abduction in America.

Brooke Shields, at 13-years-old, played the title role in Louis Malle’s Pretty Baby (1978), a story about teen-aged prostitution which attracted a great deal of attention. And Jodie Foster’s portrayal of a child prostitute in Martin Scorcese’s Taxi Driver (1972) received strong criticism from movie reviewers at the time of its release. It is unknown to what end or what effect salacious depictions of children have upon the American public. But most people abhor the glorification of sex with children in any manner.

Child abduction strikes fear into the heart of every parent, even though the incidence of stranger child abduction is very rare in America. During the 1980s, people with good intentions publicized vastly inflated figures concerning child abductions(13). Edwin Sutherland, the famous criminologist once wrote: “The hysteria produced by child murders is due in part to the fact that the ordinary citizen cannot understand a sex attack on a child . . . Fear is greater because the behavior is so incomprehensible.” But the trivialization of pedophilia in the media surely cannot be a good thing. It seems to accept, or at least condone, the notion that adult/child sex is simply another life style in line with other adult sexual preferences. Or is it, as some say, much more ominous? Is it a destruction of youth, a disturbance in society that is driven by a psychological sickness, which imagines children as a vast sea of opportunities for sexual conquest?

(9) A famous morphing sequence was The Dancing Baby in 1999, broadcast daily over the Internet.

(10) Some pornographers have taken their cause to court arguing that since morphed pornography contains no humans, it hurts no one and therefore is protected under the 1st Amendment rights.

(11) Newsweek magazine ran a cover story on this disturbing topic on January 20, 1997.

(12) For a brief discussion on this point see the article "Lolita, a Girl for the Nineties" in U.S. News and World Reports in the October 14, 1996 issue.

(13) The figures included, and sometimes still do, parental custodial interference where parents will take the child from the spouse.

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Pedophile Characteristics

A pedophile will usually exhibit a series of personality characteristics that are common in this type of offender. It is important to understand that these characteristics alone do not conclusively determine that a person is a pedophile. But if these indicators, combined with a pattern of behavior that arouses suspicion, are present then there may be enough probable cause to believe that the person is a pedophile.

He carries on what can be termed “a special relationship” with a wife. Often pedophiles have failed marriages due to their sexual interests but remain in the marriage to mask their true intentions. Sadly, the wife sometimes knows about her husband’s preference, but prefers to keep quiet to avoid social stigma and disgrace.
He displays a fascination or unusual interest in children. If an adult has an inordinate amount of interest in pre-pubescent children, it doesn’t confirm he is a pedophile, but it should at least arouse suspicion.
He makes frequent references to children in exalted or exaggerated terms such as “pure,” “innocent,” ”God sent,” “blissful” and other descriptive labels that seem inappropriate and excessive. Remember that a pedophile cannot help the way he behaves and therefore will inadvertently reveal aspects about himself during speech.
He has hobbies or interests that commonly belong in the realm of a child’s world such as toy collecting, building models of cars or planes. His home or room is decorated in a child’s theme. And often, that theme will reflect the age bracket of his preferred victim.
He is over 30 years of age, single and has few or no friends his own age. He may also have frequent and unexplained changes of residence. He may be unable or unwilling to discuss why he lost his last job. He may have a military discharge that he cannot explain and a past that he can not easily talk about.
He has systematic and prolonged access to children. Pedophiles, because of the wide age disparity between themselves and their victims, cannot just hang around children. The pedophile has to find a way to legitimize his contact with kids. He usually accomplishes this by obtaining employment in a field where he is forced to deal with children on a daily basis. Jobs like schoolteachers, bus drivers, camp counselors, photographers and sports coaching(14) serve their needs perfectly. They will always volunteer for activities in which they are left alone with children with no parental supervision (Lanning, p. 19).
Pedophiles are also very adept at locating troubled or withdrawn children. This is a skill they have acquired through years of trial and error. They have come to identify what usually works and what usually doesn’t. The most common technique used by pedophiles to obtain sex from children is the seduction method. This process is very similar to the classic boy/girl courtship. Though the child might be under 10-years-old, the pedophile will lavish gifts upon the target, take him or her to amusement parks, museums, restaurants and other places of interest. This author recalls a case in which a pedophile attempted to seduce a child who had an interest in music. The suspect escorted the boy to expensive Broadway plays like Phantom of the Opera and Miss Saigon. Afterwards, they ate in fashionable Manhattan cafes and went sightseeing. The child was just 8- years-old. In another recent case, reported by the New York Times (February 2, 2000), a Bronx man lured neighborhood children to his apartment with Pokemon cards and Chinese food. He then abused a number of children after giving them marijuana and screening pornographic videos. The abused children later got together and attempted to set fire to the suspect’s apartment.

If the target is a troubled child, the pedophile will comfort and sympathize with him or her. Often, over a period of time, the child will develop feelings for the offender even though he is being actively abused. The dynamics at work in this type of situation are well known to psychologists. This process of sympathizing with the offender has been called Stockholm Syndrome. It was first recognized in 1973 after a notorious bank robbery in Sweden in which the hostages taken by the suspects began to develop feelings of attachment toward their captors(15). Children who are sexually victimized can feel the same way. This is often the case when the offender happens to be a member of the clergy or another traditional figure of trust. In early 2002, an elementary school bus driver pleaded guilty in Westchester County Court, New York, to abusing 9-year-old children on his bus during the trip home each day. The abuse may have gone on for as long as 15 years with a succession of students. In cases such as this, the events will not be reported because of the emotional attachment between offender and victim. Remember that pedophiles are masters in the manipulation of children. However, as the victim matures into adulthood, these benevolent feelings toward the abuser often dissipate and the painful truth of the abuse sets in.

In February and March 2002, there were dozens of such cases involving adult men who were sexually molested as children by Catholic priests. These sexual assaults, some of which occurred decades before, are sad testimony to the compulsions of some pedophiles who will molest children for their entire lives until the day they are caught. These revelations, and the startling accusations of systematic cover-up by church officials, have shaken the Catholic Church to its core. New York’s Cardinal Edward Egan received a firestorm of criticism from the public when it was revealed he treated sexual molestation charges against priests with questionable tactics toward the victims in Bridgeport, Connecticut.


(14) Sports Illustrated produced a cover story on this subject in their issue of September 13, 1999 entitled “Who’s Coaching Your Kid?.

(15) America’s most famous victim of the Stockholm Syndrome may be Patty Hearst, the millionairess who was kidnapped by extremists in 1973 and later participated in a bank robbery with her kidnappers.

[The Tracker]

If You Suspect

Do not talk yourself out of your own suspicions. Sometimes people will convince themselves that they are not seeing what they are seeing. Feelings of self-doubt are often supported by the strong denials from the suspect. These denials will be accompanied by expressions of shock, outrage and even indignation that he could even be suspected of such conduct. He will frequently make partial admissions or comments such as: “I was only bathing her!” or “I was just hugging her, I love her you know.” The suspect will sometimes enlist the support of friends and colleagues who will attest to his sincerity and reputation. This pattern is typical especially among preferential child molesters. If you think an adult, friend or relative, is paying an excessive amount of attention on your young child or any child, be cautious. Talk over your suspicions with your spouse or someone you trust. Above all, make inquiries to your child. You will notice some behavioral changes in a child who is being actively abused. These changes may include:

Any sudden and unexpected change in a child’s traditional behavior.
He or she complains of frequent nightmares.
A new fear of a place where the child has visited before or a new fear of a person that he knows and has been in contact with. Be very suspicious if your child demonstrates this behavior.
A new awareness of sex related words, genitals or drawings of sexual themes.
Aside from psychological changes, look for physical signs of abuse such as anal or genital redness, bleeding or any type of suspicious injury to or near a child’s genitals. But keep in mind that the overwhelming majority of child sex abuse cases do not include a visible physical injury. There can be many reasons that an injury will not occur in a sex abuse case. There may be no force involved, the abuse may not include the child’s genitals or penetration may never have been accomplished. The abuse may be oral or consist of only touching. This is why molesters, when caught, will frequently encourage police to have the victim medically examined. They know there is no visible injury to substantiate the charge. They believe that a medical examination will support their claims of innocence. Never underestimate the cleverness of these people. But the astute investigator knows that the absence of an injury does not settle the matter, nor does it prove conclusively that abuse did not take place.

Remember that children who are being sexually abused are experiencing conflicting and painful emotions that they cannot sort out or understand. But this does not mean the situation can’t be verbalized. Children are more resilient than we give them credit for and the children that recover the best from sexual abuse are the ones whose parents took a proactive response to the situation. We can only do that by arming ourselves with the tools of knowledge and vigilance. It is up to us, the caretakers of children, guardians of their safety and their dreams, to assume control, cast off the terrible bonds of sexual abuse and bring their nightmare to an end.


There are many ways to seek and obtain help:
Remember, you are not alone. There are many dedicated people and organizations that fight child sexual assault and the threat of Internet pornography every day. Visit these sites with your children. They include:

www.childlures.com is a program that informs children, parents and educators of safety issues regarding children and adults and also offers an Internet safety pact that your child can read and sign.

www.cyberangels.org which promotes child safety, abuse prevention with a guardian angel theme.

www.enough.org which is a Web site that protects children from pornography and online predators.

www.pedowatch.org is one of the oldest Web sites in existence that works in conjunction with law enforcement to combat pornography and child seducing on the Internet.

www.prevent-abuse-now.com which is the home for Inside Pandora’s Box, a wealth of information regarding children and internet access.

www.troopers.state.ny.us which is the home for the Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force in the State of New York

www.officer.com which provides hundreds of links to a wide array of police agencies in every state in America. No matter where you live, you will find a police agency close to home.

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